Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with absolute or relative insufficiency of insulin in the body and characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders. Simply put, diabetes is not a disease in the full sense, but an incorrect lifestyle and diet. Therefore, nutrition in diabetes mellitus plays an important role in the patient's well-being.
Foods to include and avoid in type 2 diabetes
Nutrition for diabetes mellitus must be correct and include foods with a low glycemic index (10 to 40) in the diet:
- vegetables: tomato, eggplant, cabbage, cucumber, zucchini, green beans and other green vegetables;
- eggs;
- mushrooms and various nuts;
- fruits and berries: cherries, cranberries, lingonberries, plums, pears, apples, currants, strawberries, strawberries and their juices;
- citrus fruits: lemon, orange, tangerine and grapefruit;
- cereals and bran products: barley bread, rice bran, oats, buckwheat, spaghetti and pasta made from durum flour;
- meat in the diet: poultry, rabbit, turkey, veal;
- low-fat fish and fishery products;
- dark chocolate;
- cold-pressed linseed oil;
- mineral water.
Limitconsumption of foods with an average glycemic index (40 to 70)
- dairy products: kefir, milk, yogurt;
- fat-free or low-fat;
- vegetables: beets (cooked and cooked), carrots, vegetables;
- Wholemeal bread, rye bread, black bread, bread with yeast;
- fresh and canned pineapple;
- apple and grape juice, without sugar;
- instant oats;
- marmalade;
- raisins, melon, kiwi;
- industrial mayonnaise; canned corn;
- Wheat flour pancakes;
- brown rice
Eliminatefrom the diet foods with a high glycemic index (from 70 to 100)
- watermelon;
- cereals and wheat breads;
- corn flakes;
- Baked potato chips;
- caramel and honey, jam, sweets, sugar;
- white bread;
- alcohol and carbonated and non-carbonated sweet drinks;
- coffee, tea, replacing them with chicory, green tea and blueberry leaf tea;
- sweet fruits: grapes, bananas;
- semolina;
- Processed meat products: sausages, sausages, sausages, potatoes, smoked meat.
Along with the medication prescribed by your doctor, you need to use medicinal plants: chicory, blueberry leaves, dandelion root, fist, bean flap and a collection of sugar-reducing herbs.
In addition, diabetics have an active lifestyle, move more, this includes walking up to 2 km a day, climbing stairs, doing physical work, unless, of course, they have suffered a heart attack or stroke. Adjust sleep patterns, sleep at least 7 hours a day, go to bed no later than 1 am.
Basic steps and diet rules for type 2 diabetes
It is no secret that obese people suffer from diabetes mellitus.
The first step in the diet-2 weeks, getting rid of those extra pounds. During this time, eat only foods with a low glycemic index.
With a high blood sugar content, food is strictly recommended 3 times a day, without snacks, so the insulin will have time to be used. Instead of snacks, drink water or eat fruit.
Portions should be small, as nutritionists say, one portion should fit in the palm of your hand.
Second step of the diet- 15 days, consolidation of results. During this period, we eat foods with low and medium glycemic index. Limiting sugar, honey, baked goods, potatoes, bananas, white rice and corn.
The third step of the dietis for the rest of your life, keeping fit and following the rules. The menu should be low to medium glycemic.
From my own experience, I am a diabetic with 11 years of experience, I know that 70% of well-being depends on what you eat for breakfast, lunch and dinner, and 20% of activity during the day and only 10% ofmedicines. . .
Nutrition for diabetes mellitus for BREAKFAST a list of dishes
You can prepare the following for breakfast:
- Oats - in natural cereals and skimmed milk, with the addition of a small amount of berries, raisins, dried apricots.
- Muesli or bran - with skim milk or yogurt.
- Buckwheat porridge with milk or stew: tongue, rabbit, meat; or a meatball, meat souffle.
- Freshly made toast with a slice of brown bread cheese.
- Low-fat or low-fat cottage cheese with sour cream, yogurt or kefir with a low fat content.
- Cheesecakes with sour cream.
- Cabbage or potato cutlets with sour cream.
- Green tea based on natural herbs. Tea with milk.
- Fruits: pears, apples, oranges, grapefruits.
- Boiled eggs with homemade mayonnaise.
- Squid omelet.
- Cabbage casserole in the oven.
- Zucchini casserole.
- Meat pudding.
Nutrition for diabetes mellitus on the LUNCH list of dishes
A normal lunch consists of salads, first and second courses, desserts and drinks. The following dishes are offered for lunch:
Salads:
Salads can be based on lettuce, fresh cabbage, incl. and Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, fresh vegetables (radish, radish, cucumber, tomato), celery, broccoli, mushrooms, cheese and fruit.
First courses:
- Soups:
- Vegetarian Vegetarian;
- pearl barley and buckwheat with mushrooms;
- rice with egg;
- with cauliflower;
- with peas, beans; pickles
- ;
- fish with celery;
- vegetable with chicken;
- Lean borsch with sour cream.
Second courses:
- Cooked or stewed meat with boiled cabbage.
- Beef stroganoff with mashed potato.
- Goulash with boiled potatoes.
- Chicken cooked with millet porridge.
- Mexican pita with feta cheese and mushrooms.
- Sandwiches to your taste, based on wholemeal bread.
Dessert:
- Sugar-free lemon gelatin.
- Carrot cake.
- Curd souffle.
- Chocolate cake with stevia in the microwave.
- Pumpkin cheesecake without sugar and semolina.
- Diet cake.
- Baked apples.
Drinks
- Tomato juice.
- Kefir or kefir with cinnamon.
- Rose broth or tea.
- Milk thistle tea (for weight loss).
- Fruit compote with sweetener.
Meals for diabetes mellitus for DINNER meal list
Dinner items can be:
- Cabbage rolls stuffed with vegetables.
- Low fat cooked fish.
- Carrot and apple meatballs with kefir.
- Carrot puree with sour cream.
- Cooked cabbage.
- Vegetable casserole.
1 hour before bed
- a glass of kefir;
The list of dishes above is a recommendation, but you should develop your own menu and focus on your well-being.